September is recognized as Blood Cancer Awareness Month to bring awareness to a collection of diseases that affect many worldwide. According to Dr. Vighnesh Bharath, an Oncologist and Hematologist at Humber River Health, in Canada, someone is diagnosed with blood cancer every 20 minutes. To better understand the various types of blood cancer, Dr. Bharath has provided his insight as well as ways to ensure proper blood health. 

What are the most common types of blood cancer? 

There are a variety of blood cancers that can arise from various blood cells in our body. The most common ones include leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, all of which arise from abnormal white blood cells. There are also various types of leukemias and lymphomas that are each characterized by chronicity, aggressiveness, demographic, prognosis, and more.  

How does blood cancer primarily affect the body? 

Blood cancers can cause constitutional symptoms such as fevers, weight loss, and night sweats. They can also cause swollen lymph nodes, which are lumps and bumps throughout the body, as well as low energy, bleeding or bruising, infections, and other symptoms relating to specific organ damage. If left untreated, many of these symptoms can be fatal.  

How is blood cancer often treated? 

These types of cancers are diagnosed with blood tests and biopsies of lymph nodes or bone marrow. The primary treatment modality is chemotherapy, although radiation is sometimes used as well. Newer treatments include targeted biological therapies that act on specific proteins or receptors to block the growth of cancer cells. In addition, treatments may also involve a bone marrow transplant, or supportive therapies like blood transfusions. 

What tips can you provide to ensure proper blood health? 

As always, general health is very important – eat a healthy and balanced diet, stay active, and avoid smoking. Nutrients such as iron, B12, and folate are essential for blood cell growth and health. Any symptoms of concern should also be evaluated by a health professional as soon as possible.  

To assist others in the community, you may also consider donating blood. To learn more about how and where to donate blood, click here.